Association Between ABO Blood Groups and Salivary TNF-α Levels Among Patients with Viridans Streptococci Oral Infections in Baghdad
Keywords:
Oral infection, Viridans Streptococci, TNF-α, ABO blood groupAbstract
Background: Oral infections are bacterial, fungal or viral diseases affecting the teeth and oral mouth tissues. include cavities, (gingivitis/periodontitis). These bacterial infections lead to increased cellular immunity and cytokines included the immunological evaluation of the TNF-α cytokine in the saliva of oral cavity patients infected with bacteria,
Aim: this study aimed to investigate the association between Viridans Streptococci oral infections, ABO blood groups and evaluation the TNF-α cytokine in saliva.
Materials and Methods: During the period from (November 2024) until (June 2025), blood and saliva samples were collected from 150 participants who were Al-Karama Specialized Dental Center in Baghdad, their ages range from 18 to 55 years, both male and female and have no prior medical history. divided (100) clinical samples were for Viridans Streptococci infection, 50 blood and 50 saliva samples were from control individuals.
Diagnosis of bacteria were confirmed by complete biochemical examinations using VITEK2 Compact System. Assessments included the saliva level of cytokine (TNF-α) for patients infected with Viridans Streptococci who visit Al Karama Specialized Dental Center.
Results: The study recorded a significant increase in the saliva level of TNF-α for patients infected with Viridans Streptococci (95.05 ± 25.90) pg/ml compared to control subjects (24.11 ± 1.35) pg/ml.
Differences were observed in the percentages of phenotypic patterns of ABO blood groups among patients compared to control individuals, as individuals with blood type O showed more predisposition to infection compared to other blood groups, while blood group AB had the lowest rate of infection compared to other blood groups.
Conclusion: The Result an association was observed a correlation between different blood types and infections with Viridis streptococci in the oral tissues of infected individuals, as well as an elevated TNF-α index in the saliva of patients infected with this bacterium.
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